# Mnemonics — one canonical sheet for the whole atlas · mnemotecnia canónica

> **Learning aid (renders in Obsidian).** This is the **single source of truth** for mnemonics across
> every catalog — it supersedes the per-file *§Mnemonics* sections (those stay as in-context hooks).
> Every number here traces to the maps; nothing invented. **Verify vs IFU / Ficha Técnica (CIMA) / SmPC.**
> Recall deck (spaced repetition): `recall.md`. Bilingual **EN · ES**.

## How to use · Cómo usar
- **Test, don't reread.** Cover the answer, recall it out loud, *then* check. · **Tápate la respuesta, recuérdala, comprueba.** Rereading feels like learning but isn't; retrieval is.
- Three kinds of aid, three jobs:
  - 🧩 **name-decode** → turns a brand name into its meaning.
  - 🔑 **peg** → locks a *number* or a *safety rule* that has no natural hook.
  - 🔀 **discriminator** → separates two things people mix up.
  - ⚠️ **danger** → the drift that causes the classic complication.
- Reading a hook once ≠ owning it. Push the 🔑 pegs and 🔀 pairs through `recall.md` until automatic.

---

## 0. The 10 one-liners that matter most · las 10 frases clave

1. 🔑 **All botulinum toxin is the same molecule; only the *units* differ — never 1:1.** · *misma molécula, unidades distintas.*
2. 🔑 **"One number for the club; Dysport speaks Speywood."** IU-type (ona/inco/leti/prabo) share a number; Dysport/Azzalure/Alluzience don't.
3. ⚠️ **The Speywood trap: 5× stronger per drop → inject half the drops.** 20 U/0.1 mL vs 4 U/0.1 mL.
4. 🔑 **Glabella = 20 / 50 / 40** (IU-type U · Speywood U · Daxxify DU) — the reference dose everything else scales from.
5. ⚠️ **Almost every tox complication = drift to the wrong muscle.** Glabella→**eyelid**; nearly everything perioral→**a crooked smile**.
6. 🔑 **Filler ladder T1→T6 = Skin · Soft · Lines · Cheeks · Bones · Body** · *Piel · Suave · Surcos · Pómulos · Hueso · Cuerpo.*
7. 🧩 **The name encodes depth/target** (Juvéderm suffix, Belotero word) **or ladder position** (Teoxane number, Stylage letter). Bigger number/letter/"max" = deeper + stiffer.
8. 🔑 **Biostimulators burn the bridge** — none are HA, so hyaluronidase is useless → dose conservatively. · *queman el puente: irreversibles.*
9. 🔑 **PN/PDRN: "nucleo = DNA repair"** (salmon/trout); **SkinVive = the only booster with a real RCT.**
10. ⚠️ **The blindness triangle = glabella · nose · tear trough.** Cannula + aspirate + low pressure + small aliquots.

---

## 1. Toxins · Toxinas

### 1.1 The two unit families 🔑 (this is where people get hurt)
| Family | Members (INN → brand) | Number | Std conc | Glabella |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **IU-type** (the "club") | onaA *Botox/Vistabel* · incoA *Xeomin/Bocouture* · letiA *Letybo* · praboA *Jeuveau/Nuceiva* | ≈ 1:1 among themselves (working approx, **not** identical potency) | **4 U / 0.1 mL** | **20 U** |
| **Speywood** (Ipsen) | aboA *Dysport · Azzalure · Alluzience* | **~2.5–3 Speywood = 1 IU-type** | **20 U / 0.1 mL** | **50 U** |
| **Own scale** (no conversion) | daxiA *Daxxify* (DU) · relaA *Relfydess* (own U) | none validated | Daxxify 4 DU/0.1 mL · Relfydess 10 U/0.1 mL | Daxxify **40 DU** · Relfydess **50 U** |
| **Type B** | rimaB *Myobloc/Neurobloc* | **never** convert to A (~50×) | 500 U/0.1 mL | not aesthetic |

- 🔑 **"One number for the club; Dysport speaks Speywood."** · *un número para el club; Dysport habla Speywood.*
- 🔑 **"Dysport ≈ ×2.5."** Botox→Dysport, multiply the number by ~2.5–3.
- ⚠️ **The Speywood trap:** at standard dilution Dysport is **20 U/0.1 mL vs Botox's 4** = **5× more concentrated**. A glabella point is **10 Speywood U = 0.05 mL = half the volume** of a Botox point. **Inject the same *volume* as Botox and you 5× the dose.** → *"5× stronger per drop → half the drops."*
- 🔑 **The syringe counts drops, not units.** On a 1 mL U-100 syringe every mark = **0.01 mL**. At 4 U/0.1 mL the **"10" mark = one IU-type point**; Speywood point = the **"5" mark**.

### 1.2 Name-decode 🧩
| Brand | Decode |
|---|---|
| **Botox** | **BO**tulinum **TOX**in — the original benchmark |
| **Dysport** | **dys**tonia + Ip**sen** (Speywood units, more spread) |
| **Xeomin** | **Xeo = naked** → no complexing protein → ~1:1 with Botox; good if antibody resistance |
| **Bocouture** | **Bo**tulinum + **couture** = the EU-aesthetic Xeomin |
| **Vistabel** | **vista** (look) = the EU-aesthetic Botox |
| **Azzalure** | **allure** = the EU-aesthetic Dysport |
| **Jeuveau** | nou**veau** = new = "**newtox**", ~1:1 with Botox |
| **Daxxify** | **Dax = dura** → ~6-month duration (peptide, **not** more units) |
| **Alluzience** | **allure + science** = liquid RTU Dysport (Speywood) |
| **Relfydess** | rela**A**, Galderma **liquid** RTU (PEARL), day-1 onset, **own units** |
| **Innotox** | **inno**vative liquid (Medytox) — **grey-market** EU/US, unverified |

### 1.3 Confusion pairs 🔀
| Pair | How to tell them apart |
|---|---|
| **Relfydess vs Alluzience** (both Galderma **liquids**) | **Rel** = rela**A**, **own units** (10 U/0.1 mL), no conversion. **All**uzience = abo**A**/**Speywood** (20 U/0.1 mL). Hook: *"**ALL**uzience is **ALL**ied to Dysport."* |
| **Vistabel / Bocouture / Azzalure** | The pretty EU-aesthetic names for **Botox / Xeomin / Dysport** — in that order (B follows B, then A). |
| **Daxxify vs the rest** | **Own DU + ~6-month duration** → unwanted effects last longer too. Not "more units," longer *dura*. |

### 1.4 Per-zone dose pegs 🔑 (IU-type; Speywood ≈ ×2.5)
🔑 **"Small mouth, big jaw."** Perioral zones are **single-digit** units; the masseter is the biggest dose on the face.

| Zone | IU-type | Shape hook |
|---|---|---|
| Gummy smile (LLSAN) | 1–3 U/side | tiniest, **must be symmetric** |
| Bunny lines (nasalis) | 2–5 U/side | small, keep **high** |
| Lip flip (orbic. oris) | 2–4 U **total** | **cap ~4–6 U total** |
| DAO | 2–5 U/side | small, **low & lateral** |
| Mentalis | 4–8 U total | small, **low on chin** |
| Forehead (frontalis) | 6–15 U | the "teens" |
| **Crow's feet** | **12 U/side** (3×4) | the reference lateral dose |
| **Glabella** | **20 U** (5×4) | **the anchor** |
| Masseter | 20–40 U/side | **the biggest** ("big jaw") |
| Platysmal bands | 10–40 U/band; ≤ 60–100 U/session | respect **total-dose caps** |

### 1.5 Danger → complication ⚠️
🔑 **Meta-peg: right muscle · right depth · right dose.** Drift breaks one of the three.

| Zone | If you drift… | You hit… | Complication | Rule |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glabella | lateral corrugator **too low/lateral/superficial** | levator palpebrae | **eyelid ptosis** | high, medial to mid-pupil, **≥1 cm above rim** |
| Forehead | treat **without glabella**; heavy lateral | unopposed depressors / lateral frontalis | **brow drop** / **Spock brow** | never frontalis alone; stay **high** |
| Crow's feet | **too anterior/low** | zygomaticus | **lip droop / asymmetric smile** | **lateral to the rim**, ≥1 cm from canthus |
| Bunny lines | **down/lateral** | LLSAN | lip/smile droop | keep **high** on the sidewall |
| Masseter | **too high/anterior/superficial** | risorius / zygomaticus | asymmetric smile; superficial → **bulging** | **low & posterior**, to muscle |
| Lip flip | too much / too lateral | orbicularis oris (excess) | **oral incompetence** (straw/speech/whistle) | **cap ~4–6 U**, tiny superficial aliquots |
| DAO | **too medial/superior** | depressor labii inferioris | asymmetric smile, lower-lip weakness | **low & lateral** on the jaw |
| Mentalis | **too high/superficial** | depressor labii | oral incompetence, lower-lip droop | stay **low** on the chin apex |
| Gummy smile | overdose | LLSAN (excess) | **long/flat upper lip**, asymmetry | tiny, **dose both sides identically** |
| Platysma | **deep/medial near larynx** | strap muscles | **dysphagia**, neck weakness | pinch band, stay **subcutaneous**, respect caps |

---

## 2. Fillers · Rellenos (HA)

### 2.1 The rheology ladder T1→T6 🔑
🔑 **"Skin · Soft · Lines · Cheeks · Bones · Body"** · *"Piel · Suave · Surcos · Pómulos · Hueso · Cuerpo."*

| Tier | Job | Plane | G' |
|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | hydrate / bioremodel (skin) | intradermal | very low |
| T2 | soft detail (lips, fine lines) | superficial dermis | low |
| T3 | correct folds (NLF, marionette) | mid dermis | medium |
| T4 | volumise (cheek, midface) | deep / supraperiosteal | high |
| T5 | structure (jaw, chin) | supraperiosteal | very high |
| T6 | macro-volume (body) | deep subcut | very high |

🔑 **Bigger number = deeper + stiffer + more structural.** *Mayor número = más profundo y más firme.*

### 2.2 Brand → crosslink tech 🔑
Per-house hook (more robust than a single backronym):
- **R**estylane → **NASHA** (firm) + **OBT/XpresHAn** (flexible): *"the two-recipe house."*
- **J**uvéderm → **Vycross**: *"the Vol- names = Vycross"* (low-swell).
- **B**elotero → **CPM**: *"**B**elotero **B**lends — **C**ohesive **P**olydensified."*
- **T**eoxane → **RHA**: *"**T**eoxane counts (RHA 1→4) — **R**esilient, stretchy."*
- **S**tylage → **IPN + mannitol**: *"**S**izes S–XXL + antioxidant mannitol."*
- **N**eauvia → **PEG**: *"PEG crosslink → more resistant to hyaluronidase (but still HA)."*

> Backronym (ES), if you prefer one string — **R J B T S N** = *"**R**ealmente **J**untos **B**rillan **T**odas **S**in **N**ervios."*

### 2.3 Name-decode 🧩
- **Juvéderm (Vol- + target):** Vol**ux** = l**ux**e/MAX → jaw · Vol**uma** = vol**UM**e → cheek · Vol**bella** = *bella* (beauty) → lips · Vol**ift** = lift → midface · Vol**lure** = a**llure** → lines (US) · Vol**ite** = lite → skin · **SkinVive** = skin.
- **Restylane (plain English):** Lyft = lift · Kysse = kiss (lips) · Defyne = defy dynamic · Refyne = refine soft · Eyelight = under-eye · Contour = cheek · Silk = smooth · Vital = skin.
- **Teoxane (numbers):** **RHA** = Resilient; **1→4 = skin→deep** · Redensity **I** = meso, **II** = tear-trough · Kiss = lips.
- **Belotero (intensity words):** Soft < Balance < Intense < Volume · *bello* = integrates smooth.
- **Stylage (letters):** S < M < L < XL < XXL = **t-shirt sizes = depth** · + mannitol.
- **Aliaxin (function abbrev):** FL fine · SR superficial · EV volume · LV lips · SV shape.
- **MaiLi:** Precise < Define < Volume < Extreme.

### 2.4 Confusion pairs 🔀
| Pair | Discriminator |
|---|---|
| **Voluma vs Volux** | Vol**uma** = vol**UM**e → **cheek** (T4). Vol**ux** = l**ux**e/max → **jaw/chin** (T5). |
| **Redensity I vs II** | **I = one skin** (meso, superficial). **II = tear trough** → placed **DEEP** despite its low G'. *"II goes deep in the trough."* |
| **Defyne vs Refyne** | **Defyne = Deep/Dynamic** (stronger, folds). **Refyne = Refine/soft** (lighter, fine lines). |
| **Kysse vs Silk** | Both lips: **Kysse = body/volume** of the lip; **Silk = surface smoothing / fine perioral lines.** |
| **HA vs biostimulator T5** | Structure (T5) can be HA **or** a biostimulator (Radiesse CaHA, Ellansé PCL, HArmonyCa) — **only the HA is reversible.** |

---

## 3. Biostimulators · Bioestimuladores

🔑 **"Biostimulators grow YOUR OWN collagen"** — not instant volume (except CaHA's immediate lift).
🔑 **"They burn the bridge"** · *"queman el puente"* — **none are HA → hyaluronidase useless → dose conservatively** (HArmonyCa's HA part reverses; its CaHA part doesn't).

| Chemistry | Example | Onset | Longevity | Reversible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CaHA | Radiesse | immediate + delayed | ~1–1.5 yr | no |
| PLLA | Sculptra, Lanluma | delayed (weeks) | ~2 yr | no |
| PCL | Ellansé S/M/L/E | immediate gel + delayed | **1 / 2 / 3 / 4 yr** (S ~1–1.5) | no |
| PDLLA | AestheFill, Juvelook | delayed | ~1–2 yr | no |
| Hybrid | HArmonyCa | immediate + delayed | ~1.5 yr | HA part only |

### Name-decode 🧩
- **Sculptra** = **eSCULPt** slowly (PLLA) → no volume day 1, collagen over months; 2–3 sessions, ~2 yr.
- **Radiesse** = **RADI**ant **now + later** (CaHA) → immediate lift + stimulation; ~1 yr; 1 session.
- **Ellansé** = **élan = the longest** (PCL); **letters = years → S/M/L/E = 1/2/3/4 yr** (S really ~18 mo). Peg: **"S-M-L-E = SMILE gets longer."**
- **Lanluma** = **luma = light/volume**; **V = face, X = body** (X = extra).
- **HArmonyCa** = **Ca = calcium** → CaHA+HA hybrid, has lidocaine (partly HA-reversible).
- **Gouri** = liquid PCL (Korea, Dexlevo) — no S/M/L/E ladder.
- **Profhilo** = **PRO + hilo (thread)** → flows, no lumps; a **bioremodeler, NOT a true biostimulator.**

🔑 **KEY SAFETY:** irreversible → correct plane + conservative dose + massage protocol; nodule = triamcinolone ± 5-FU (PLLA nodule → monopolar RF).

---

## 4. Skinboosters / PN / exosomes · calidad de piel

🔑 **These treat SKIN QUALITY / regeneration, not volume.** Honesty gradient: **hydration < bioremodeling < regeneration.**

- 🧩 **Profhilo** = PRO + *hilo* (thread) → spreads, no lumps; fixed **BAP** points.
- 🧩 **Sunekos / Jalupro** = HA + **amino acids** → build collagen/elastin scaffold (*jal* = hyal, *pro* = amino).
- 🔑 **Plinest / Rejuran / Nucleofill / PhilArt** = **PN / PDRN = DNA repair** (salmon/trout) → *"nucleo = DNA."* ⚠️ fish allergy.
- 🔑 **SkinVive = the ONE booster with a real (Level II) RCT.**
- ⚠️ **Exosomes** = clinic "exosomes" are EV-enriched, not true ISEV exosomes; **FDA-warned** → adjunct only.

---

## 5. PRP · autólogo

🔑 **"Draw → spin → concentrate platelets → growth factors."**

- 🔑 **DEPA 2×2:** **Pure vs Leuko × Liquid vs Fibrin.** *(P-PRP/L-PRP liquid; P-PRF/L-PRF fibrin.)*
- 🔑 **"Rich for tendons, Poor for faces."** **LR** (leukocyte-rich → inflammation, ortho/tendon) vs **LP** (leukocyte-poor → skin/aesthetic).
- 🧩 **PRP** = platelets (needs anticoagulant, fast burst) · **PRF** = **no anticoagulant** → fibrin clot → **slow, sustained** · **PRGF** = the Spanish one (BTI/Anitua, Endoret) · **ACP** = Autologous Conditioned Plasma (Arthrex).
- 🔑 **AGA (androgenetic alopecia) = the only PRP indication with Class-A evidence** in aesthetics; the rest is B–C. **Standardise the spin + platelet dose or results are random.**
- ⚠️ **Not PRP:** Orthokine (ACS serum), QREM (cytokine serum), WINT (DKK-1/Wnt) — different products on the AEMPS closed-systems list.

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## 6. Technique · Técnica

- 🔑 **Cannula = blunt/safe** (glides past vessels, less bruise) · **Needle = sharp/precise** (fine detail).
- 🔑 **Supraperiosteal = deepest & safest plane** for boluses.
- ⚠️ **The blindness triangle (Cotofana danger zones) = glabella · nose · tear trough** (vascular → blindness/necrosis).
- 🔑 **Safety trio: aspirate · low pressure · small aliquots.**
- 🧩 **MD Codes** = de Maio "GPS points" per zone · **BeautiPHIcation** = beauty + **PHI** (golden ratio, Swift) → shape before volume · **BAP** = Bio-Aesthetic Points (Profhilo) · **Nefertiti** = queen profile → jaw/neck lift · **Russian lips** = heart-shape vertical technique.

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## See also
- `recall.md` — spaced-repetition deck built from these pegs.
- Per-catalog maps keep their in-context hooks: `toxin-`, `filler-`, `biostimulator-`, `skinbooster-`, `prp-`, `technique.md`, `neurotoxin-placement.md`.
- `panorama.md` / `panorama.md` — cross-catalog hub.